ISO 16993:2015 pdf download

ISO 16993:2015 pdf download.Solid biofuels — Conversion of analytical results from one basis to another
1 Scope
This International Standard gives formulae which allow analytical data relating to solid biofuels to be expressed on the different bases in common use. Consideration is given to corrections that can be applied to certain determined values for solid biofuels prior to their calculation to other bases. In Annex A, tools for integrity checks of analytical results are given. In Annex B, conversion factors for calculation into other units are given. Annex C is a guideline for the use of validation parameters as can be found in ISO/TC 238 analytical standards.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16948:2015, Solid biofuels — Determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen
ISO 16994, Solid biofuels — Determination of total content of sulphur and chlorine
ISO 18122 1) , Solid Biofuels — Determination of ash content
EN 14918 2) , Solid biofuels — Determination of calorific value
ISO 18134-1 1) , Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 1: Total moisture – Reference method
ISO 18134-2 1) , Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 2: Total moisture – Simplified method
ISO 18134-3 1) , Solid biofuels — Determination of moisture content — Oven dry method — Part 3: Moisture in general analysis simple
5 Calculations for analyses of solid biofuels
5.1 General
Most analytical values on a particular basis can be converted to any other basis by multiplying it by a factor calculated from the appropriate formula given in Table 1, after insertion of the requisite numerical values into the formula in question. However, for some parameters, there is a direct involvement of the moisture content. In these cases, a correction (as specified in 5.2) of the air-dried result shall be carried out before calculation to dry basis or dry, ash free basis. Also, if a result for these parameters expressed on a dry or a dry, ash free basis is to be recalculated to a moist basis, the corrections stated in 5.2 shall be added back to the actual moist basis after applying the appropriate formula from Table 1.
With the constant factor 8,937, the hydrogen concentration in the water that is present in the sample is calculated. The factor is obtained from the molar formula of water (H 2 O) and the atomic weight of hydrogen (1,008) and oxygen (15,999 4).